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HB1PMS > TECH 04.02.20 10:35l 101 Lines 5082 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
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Subj: NSA Releases Guidelines to Improve Cloud Security
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NSA Releases Guidelines to Improve Cloud Security
January 29, 2020 | Strategy and Planning
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The guidelines include mitigation techniques for cloud vulnerabilities other
than the identification of cloud security components, threat actors and
more.
NSA hopes that organizations can gain perspective on cloud security
principles while addressing cloud security considerations to assist with
cloud service procurement.
The National Security Agency (NSA) has released new guidelines to help
organizations improve the security of data stored on the cloud. The
guidelines include mitigation techniques for cloud vulnerabilities other
than the identification of cloud security components, threat actors and
more.
With the release of the guideline, NSA hopes that organizations can gain
perspective on cloud security principles while addressing cloud security
considerations to assist with cloud service procurement. The guide is
designed both for the organizational leadership team and technical staff.
What are the major flaws?
According to the guide, cloud vulnerabilities can be divided into four
categories: misconfiguration, poor access control, shared tenancy flaws, and
supply chain vulnerabilities.
Misconfiguration: Termed as the most prevalent cloud vulnerability, a
misconfiguration can enable attackers to access cloud data and services. In
May 2017, this kind of security flaw had caused a large defense contractor
to expose sensitive NGA data and authentication credentials to the public.
Likewise, in September 2017, a security researcher had discovered CENTCOM
data accessible to all public cloud users and in September 2019, sensitive
travel details of Department of Defense (DoD) personnel were exposed due to
the same security flaw. And there are countless examples of the same flaw
impacting private companies as well.
Poor access control: This occurs when cloud services use weak authentication
methods or include vulnerabilities that bypass these vulnerabilities.
Weaknesses in access control mechanisms can allow an attacker to elevate
privileges, resulting in the compromise of cloud resources. The cyberattacks
in October 2019 by the Phosporous group on Microsoft customers and the
attacks in March 2018 by the Iranian Mabna Institute where email accounts
were compromised by bypassing multi-factor authentication, are examples of
how this flaw can be exploited by threat actors.
Shared tenancy vulnerabilities: Cloud platforms consist of multiple software
and hardware components. Adversaries who are able to determine the software
of hardware used in a cloud architecture can take advantage of
vulnerabilities to elevate privileges in the cloud. The occurrence of such
attacks is estimated to be rare as the sophistication level is ‘high’.
Hardware vulnerabilities in processors can also have a large impact on cloud
security. One such case is the flaws in chip design that can result in the
compromise of tenant information in the cloud through side-channel attacks.
Supply chain vulnerabilities: Supply chain vulnerabilities in the cloud
include the presence of insider threats and intentional backdoors in
hardware and software. In addition to this, third-party software cloud
components may contain vulnerabilities intentionally inserted by rogue
developers to compromise the application. Inserting an agent into the cloud
supply chain, as a supplier, administrator or developer, could be an
effective means for nation-state attackers to compromise cloud environments.
Conclusion
Managing risks in the cloud is a responsibility on the shoulders of cloud
service providers (CSPs). Thus, CSPs should deploy the right countermeasures
to help customers harden their cloud resources. Security in the cloud is a
constant process and customers should also continually monitor their cloud
resources and work to improve their security posture.
73 Henk.
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